Neighborhood Disadvantage Impacts the Trajectory of IQ in Childhood Idiopathic Epilepsies
Abstract number :
1.363
Submission category :
11. Behavior/Neuropsychology/Language / 11B. Pediatrics
Year :
2022
Submission ID :
2204992
Source :
www.aesnet.org
Presentation date :
12/3/2022 12:00:00 PM
Published date :
Nov 22, 2022, 05:27 AM
Authors :
William Schraegle, PhD – Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin; Rosario DeLeon, PhD – Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin; Jenna Chiang, PhD – Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin; Thomas Tran, HS – Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin; Sonya Swami, HS – Dell Medical School at The University of Texas at Austin; David Hsu, MD – University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; Carl Stafstrom, MD, PhD – Johns Hopkins University; Dace Almane, MS – University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; Michael Seidenberg, PhD – Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science; Jana Jones, PhD – University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health; Bruce Hermann, PhD – University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health
This abstract has been invited to present during the Pediatric Epilepsy Highlights platform session
Rationale: While children with idiopathic epilepsy often have IQ scores within the average range, these scores are significantly lower than typically developing children. This IQ difference has been shown to be stable across time points and is generally attributed to the impact of epilepsy on cognition. While the heritability of IQ is well established, the impact of broader environmental factors, such as neighborhood-level disadvantage, on the stability of IQ across time has yet to be explored in pediatric epilepsy, which is the aim of this work.
Methods: Research participants were 288 children aged 8-18 years (mean age = 12.2 ± 3.2 years) with recent onset epilepsy (n = 182), healthy first-degree cousin controls (n = 106; mean age = 12.5 ± 3.0), and one biological or adopted parent per child (n = 279). All participants were administered the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) at two time points: shortly after diagnosis/initial (Time 1) and 2-years later (Time 2). Family residential addresses were entered into the Neighborhood Atlas to determine each family’s Area Deprivation Index (ADI), a metric used to quantify income, education, employment, and housing quality into state deciles and national percentiles. FSIQ was compared in children with epilepsy and typically developing children at levels of ADI at both time points. Finally, multiple linear regressions were conducted to evaluate the impact of ADI in predicting child FSIQ at the two-year interval when considering parent FSIQ and number of anti-seizure medications (ASM) for children with epilepsy and controls.
Results: The distribution of disadvantage (ADI) was equal between groups (p=.63). FSIQ was lower in children with epilepsy than in comparison children across both time points (p < .001). FSIQ was stable across intervals for both groups (p>.05). However, at two-year follow-up, a significant group by ADI interaction (p=.04, η2=.02) was identified illustrating the negative impact of disadvantage on FSIQ course for children with epilepsy (High Disadvantage FSIQ = 99.72 ± 12.27; Low Disadvantage FSIQ = 106.19 ± 16.38; p< .01) but not healthy controls (High Disadvantage FSIQ = 112.32 ± 11.05; Low Disadvantage FSIQ = 111.18 ± 10.94; p=.64). A similar nonsignificant trend was observed at Time 1 (p=.60, η2=.015). In children with epilepsy ADI was a significant, unique predictor of child FSIQ (partial r= -.18, p=.03) at Time 2 even after considering parent FSIQ (partial r=.52, p < .001) and number of ASMs (partial r= -.21, p=.01), but not at Time 1 (p=.28). There was no effect of epilepsy syndrome. Conversely, ADI did not significantly predict FSIQ at either time point in controls
Behavior