Infantile Epilepsy Guidelines

Evidence-based guidance for the diagnosis and management of infantile epilepsy.

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These infantile epilepsy guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations to support clinicians in the early identification, diagnosis, and management of epilepsy in infants. Developed by experts in neurology and neonatal care, the guidelines synthesize current research and clinical best practices to improve patient outcomes during a critical period of neurological development. Resources on this page include the full guideline publication, clinical algorithms, and additional tools designed to support real-world clinical decision-making.

UPCOMING WEBINAR

Early Intervention & Evolving Evidence: New Guidelines in Infantile Epilepsy

May 28, 2026 | 4:00 p.m. - 5:00 p.m. ET

The management of infantile epilepsy continues to evolve rapidly, driven by advances in diagnostics, genetics, and targeted therapies. This webinar will provide a focused review of newly published infantile epilepsy management guidelines, with emphasis on medication, surgical, and dietary treatment strategies. Expert faculty will highlight key updates, including the evidence supporting specific therapies and guidance on when to refer patients to a specialized epilepsy center. Through clinically relevant discussion, attendees will learn how to incorporate these guidelines into real-world decision-making, optimize early intervention, and improve neurodevelopmental outcomes. Designed for pediatric neurologists, dietitians, pediatricians, and neurosurgeons, this session will also address ongoing controversies, implementation challenges, and future directions in infantile epilepsy care.

Panelists: Elissa Yozawitz, MD and Daniel Freedman, DO

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Clinical Corner | Tiny Brains, Big Decisions: Infantile Epilepsy Treatment Today

In this Clinical Corner episode, experts discuss the new American Epilepsy Society (AES) guideline for infantile epilepsy—an important milestone for a field that has long lacked standardized guidance. “Tiny Brains, Big Decisions: Infantile Epilepsy Treatment Today” features Elissa Yozawitz, MD; John Stern, MD, MA; and Daniel Freedman, DO, who break down key recommendations from the Epilepsy Currents (Spring 2026) publication.

PANEL HIGHLIGHTS

Why this guideline was needed
How it was developed
Key treatment priorities and what to avoid based on etiology
Challenges, limitations, and future research needs

FEATURED PRESENTERS

  • Elissa Yozawitz, MD
  • John Stern, MD, MA
  • Daniel Freedman, DO
 

Clinical Algorithms

Visual decision-support tools derived from the Infantile Epilepsy Guidelines to assist in the diagnosis and management of infantile epilepsy.

These algorithms are designed to support clinical decision-making. Click any image to view in full detail or download for use in practice.
Algorithm 1

Overview of Infantile Epilepsy Management

A high-level clinical pathway outlining diagnostic evaluation, treatment progression, and escalation to drug-resistant epilepsy care.

  • Initial evaluation including EEG, MRI, and genetic testing
  • First- and second-line treatment pathways
  • Criteria for drug-resistant epilepsy
  • Referral to specialized epilepsy centers
Overview of Infantile Epilepsy Management algorithm
Algorithm 2

Antiseizure Medication Pathways

Guidance on first- and second-line antiseizure medications by epilepsy type, with escalation strategies for drug-resistant epilepsy.

  • Stratified by generalized versus focal epilepsy
  • First- and second-line treatment options
  • Drug-resistant epilepsy recommendations
  • Special considerations for genetic syndromes
Antiseizure Medication Pathways algorithm
Algorithm 3

Surgical and Dietary Treatment Pathways

Decision-making framework for referral, surgical candidacy, and dietary therapy in infants with persistent seizures.

  • Early referral criteria
  • Surgical versus dietary treatment pathways
  • Age-based dietary therapy recommendations
  • Ongoing re-evaluation for treatment candidacy
Surgical and Dietary Treatment Pathways algorithm

Key Resources

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Full Guidelines

Read the complete Infantile Epilepsy Guidelines publication.

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Guidelines PDF

Download a PDF copy of the guidelines for reference or sharing.

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Clinician One-Page Resource

A quick reference summary for clinical use.

Coming Soon